Psychological stress is likely to surface during a human mission to Mars.Prof Jeff Johnson thinks an onboard "comedian" could keep spirits up during the long journey.He is drawing on his research on the differing team building approaches of competing polar explorers Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott to prove his point.Amundsen's team made it to the South Pole and back while Scott's died on the return journey.
   Well，Roald Amundsen actually put people through tests before they set off to make sure that they would take orders and，in particular，whether they would challenge any of them.Amundsen would set up situations where there would be an ambiguous context to see what their responses would be，and if somebody questioned him，they were out.However，if you read Amundsen's diary，he writes that Lindstrom，the cook，was basically the most important person on the expedition.
   Lindstrom was the comedian.He didn't actually go to the South Pole，but you've got to remember that the walking expedition was a small component of the overall time that they were on the ice.They were there for well over a year，waiting to walk to the Pole.They had to wait during the winter and it's a very tense time when people are idle（懶散的）.Lindstrom played an essential role in keeping the peace in the group when there were tense moments，and he would do something funny to get everybody to laugh，which would break the tension.
   There are individuals who have these certain natural abilities that you want to be able to recognize and include when you're putting together groups that are going to be isolated，such as those going into space.There are a number of different roles that we've discovered are important，but one of them is somebody who has humor.That's clearly important.So，you'd want to have somebody like Lindstrom，somebody who is not only good at what they have to do（he was a very good cook）but who also has another skillset beyond what's in the job description.
   We can put people together thinking that they're going to work together in a certain way，but over the course of time a crisis is bound to happen.There are the kinds of things that make groups more adaptable and help them function better.You can think about it in terms of atoms：when you put different elements together，they produce different kinds of things.It's the same with people.They may have their own characteristics，but when you put them together，they're going to create a different kind of situation and we want to have a better idea of what that might be.

（1）By comparing Amundsen with Scott，the author intends to

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A．contradict his previous statements
B．introduce the topic of the passage
C．illustrate the importance of a comedian
D．emphasize the necessity of team spirits
（2）What was the very quality Amundsen was valuing in his interview？

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A．Willingness to take orders.
B．Optimism about success.
C．Eagerness to make progress.
D．Curiosity about mysteries.
（3）For what reason was Lindstrom regarded as a key figure on the expedition？

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A．He went against the command of Amundsen in every circumstance.
B．He could make up many jokes about other team members to ease tension.
C．Besides cooking tasty dishes，he was capable of easing tension when it arose.
D．When a vacancy appeared，he was always ready to fill it in and made it work.
（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？

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A．Comedians，keys to landing on Mars
B．Atoms，roles of members in a team
C．Teamwork，secret to overall success
D．Amundsen，example for group leaders