2023年山東省威海市環(huán)翠區(qū)中考英語一模試卷

一、閱讀理解（共五篇短文，共5小題， 計30分。 最后篇每小題5分，其余貨到小題1分）閱讀，從文后每小題A、B. C選項中選擇最佳答案。

• 1．Colossus of Rhodes（羅德島巨像） The Colossus of Rhodes，a giant（巨大的） bronze statue（雕像），was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.Other ancient civilizations（文明） also built large statues，but the Colossus of Rhodes was one of the tallest.At more than 105 feet （32 meters） tall，it was twice as big as most of the other colossi （巨型雕像），or giant statues，of ancient times.The Statue of Liberty，its modern counterpart（對應(yīng)的事物），is only a little taller.
     The Colossus of Rhodes was designed and built by the sculptor（雕塑家） Chares of Lindos.It showed the sun god Helios.The people of the Greek island of Rhodes had it built to celebrate the defeat（失?。?of Demetrius I in 305 BC.Chares and the artists in his workshop began building the statue in 292 BC.The Colossus was completed twelve years later.It welcomed friends and warmed enemies as they came close to the island's harbor（海港）.
     Unluckily，the statue stood for only 56 years.In 224 BC，a powerful earthquake hit Rhodes.The earthquake damaged the Colossus，and it fell to the ground in giant pieces.The statue's parts lay on the ground for hundreds of years，and travelers came from all over to see these impressive ruins（廢墟）.
  
     提示詞：construction（建設(shè)） collapse（倒塌） scale（測量）
  
  （1）Which best describes what the passage is about？

  
  A．the harbor in the ancient city of Rhodes
  B．how Rhodians defeated Demetrius I
  C．a(chǎn) giant statue built in ancient Greece
  （2）Which detail（細節(jié)） explains why the Colossus was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World？

  
  A．It was twice as big as most ancient statues.
  B．It showed the sun god Helios.
  C．It was built by Chares of Lindos.
  （3）What does the timeline tell you that the passage does not？

  
  A．when the remains of the Colossus are removed
  B．the reason why the Colossus collapsed
  C．when the Colossus's construction was finished
  （4）Which of these would most likely（可能） become a wonder of the modern world？

  
  A．a(chǎn) life-size statue of a mayor of Chicago，Illinois
  B．a(chǎn) building in Dubai that is over 2，600 feet tall
  C．a(chǎn) recording of the most popular song of 2011
  （5）Which of the following is not an important fact about the Colossus of Rhodes？

  
  A．Colossus of Rhodes was almost twice as big as other giant statues of the time.
  B．An earthquake destroyed（摧毀） the statue in 224 BC.
  C．It is a little taller than the Statue of Liberty.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Cold-Water Winner At 40°F，water is so cold that most people would freeze.But champion swimmer Lynne Cox is not like most people.She became the first person to swim from the Bering Strait island of Little Diomede in Alaska to Big Diomede in Russia.Cox baffled（難?。?scientists who didn't think the swim was possible.
     Cox's Advantages
     Most people would freeze to death in such cold water，but Lynne Cox can tolerate（忍受） cold water temperatures.She has trained her body to work in the correct way in very cold conditions.Body structure（結(jié)構(gòu)） also helps Cox stay warm.Compared to most people，Cox has a very even layer of fat（均勻的脂肪層）.This fat layer acts as natural insulation（絕緣）.
     From Cold to Colder
     After the Diomedes challenge，Cox headed south-way south!She wanted to be the first person to swim a mile in Antarctica."The marine mammals（海洋哺乳動物） in Antarctica all have body fat to stay warm，" Cox said before the swim. "Their blubber（多余的脂肪） is very dense（稠密的），though mine will be more like a cotton sweater.But I'm not going to be in as long as they are." Her natural insulation helped her stay in for 25 minutes；long enough to swim 1.22 miles where no human had ever swum before.
  
  （1）What information is included under the sub-heading（副標題） "From Cold to Colder"？

  
  A．details about Cox's unusual body structure
  B．facts about Cox's swim in the Bering Strait
  C．information about Cox's swim in Antarctica
  （2）According to the map and passage，Big Diomede is

  .
  A．part of Russia
  B．part of the United States
  C．off the coast of Antarctica
  （3）According to her quote（引述），Cox thinks she can swim in very cold water because she

  .
  A．is extremely strong
  B．has very thick skin
  C．has body fat that acts like a sweater
  （4）Based on（基于） the map and passage，Cox's Bering Strait swim went mainly from

  .
  A．east to west
  B．west to east
  C．north to south
  （5）If someone wanted to recreate Cox's swim in Antarctica，what information is included in the passage that would be important to know？

  
  A．the temperature of the water
  B．a(chǎn) very even layer of fat that Cox had
  C．where Cox got into the water and out of the water
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．When he was nine years old，American boy Milo Cress had a question：How many plastic（塑料） straws （吸管） do Americans use every day？
     He quickly learned there wasn't a simple answer.The boy tried to work it out himself.Through lots of research，Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day.In hopes of reducing（減少；縮減） plastic waste，he founded（創(chuàng)建） the Be Straw Free project in 2011.
     Cress started the project in his hometown---Burlington，Vermont.He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink order.It was a simple change.However，it would save money.And by doing that，the restaurant would cut down on its straw use by 50 percent.
     For the years that followed，Cress tried to spread his project across the United States.More and more restaurants agreed to join.They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or she asks for one.Last April，Seattle became the American city to completely ban（禁止） plastic straws.
     Plastic pollution has been one of the most serious problems today.According to scientists，more than eight million tons of plastic end up in the ocean each year.Plastic straws are especially terrible.They make it easy for people to get comfortable with single-use plastics.
     After his project became popular，Cress took his findings on the road.He has since spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world.He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws.
     "Focusing（聚焦） on straws is one simple step we all could take，" Cress says."And makes me feel that I，as a kid，could make a difference，too."
  
  判斷正（A）誤（B）。
  （1）Milo Cress started to care about the problem of straws in the year 2011．

  
  （2）Cress started the Be Straw Free project in order to encourage people to reduce plastic waste．

  
  （3）Cress asked a restaurant in Burlington to prevent people from using straws to drink．

  
  （4）Plastic straws are especially terrible because scientists pay little attention to their influence．

  
  （5）Over the years，Cress has spread his project across the United States and spoken to teens around the world about plastic waste．
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，將下面方框中的句子還原到文章當中，使短文內(nèi)容完整。
     A problem is only a problem until there is a solution.We find solutions by thinking creatively. （1）

  In other words，we think outside the box.Sometimes，thinking outside the box solves not just one，but two problems.
     Amsterdam is one of the most crowded cities in Europe.As a result，housing is very expensive，especially for students. （2）

  However，finding this type（類型） of apartments was almost impossible until recently.
     While the colleges in Amsterdam were trying to solve the housing problem，thousands of shipping containers（集裝箱） were lying quietly in ports（港口） around the world.These huge steel containers carry products from one country to anojye.air.The life of each container is about 10 years. （3）

  Yet they can't recycle all of them because there are so many.
     Back in Amsterdam，a company came up with an amazing idea.Why not reuse these shipping containers as student apartments？ （4）

  They are all the same size and fit together perfectly.The steel is strong.Moreover，these containers are so widely available that they are quite cheap to buy.For all these reasons，they can be used to build apartments quickly and cheaply.Building began in 2005，and after only a few weeks，hundreds of Amsterdam students had new homes.
     When students first heard about this idea，they thought the container apartments would be small，noisy，and cold. （5）

  Each container apartment has a kitchen，a bedroom with a study area，and a bathroom.The apartments are warm and quiet.They even have a high-speed Internet connection.Living in a shipping container has become popular.Today，over 3，000 Amsterdam students live in the container village.
  
  

  A.Students need low-cost apartments. B.The containers are great for building apartments. C.We use our imagination and come up with creative ideas. D.However，they were surprised when they saw them. E.Steel companies recycle some of the old containers.
  組卷：7引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

• 5．Seeing Differently "Hi，Grandpa，" said Pablo，taking a seat across from his grandfather at the breakfast table.Pablo knew that his grandfather's eyesight had been going downhill for the past year.
     "Morning，Pablo，" said Grandpa."Here，try a bite（一口） of this." Grandpa scooped up a piece of omelet（煎蛋卷） from his plate and offered it to Pablo.
     Pablo ate the piece of omelet and made a face. "The eggs aren't too bad，Grandpa，" he said， "but I don't know how you can eat all that hot sauce（調(diào)味汁） for breakfast."
     Grandpa laughed. "It keeps me young!" he said.
     Pablo was surprised to see Grandpa walk over to the computer a few minutes later and flip（輕擊） it on."Do you need some help，Grandpa？" asked Pablo.
     "I don't think so，" replied Grandpa. "I just wanted to get some morning news，" he said. "How will you do that？" asked Pablo.
     "Well，I'm going to go to a special Web site where I can hear an audio clip（音頻剪輯） of the news.I listen to the headlines and then choose a story I want to hear more about." Pablo's grandfather began typing（打字） at the keyboard（鍵盤）.
     "How do you know where all the letters are？" asked Pablo.
     "I've been typing for a long time，" answered Grandpa. "After 60 years of typing，I think I have the location（位置） of the keys memorized.But if I didn't，I could use a Braille keyboard（盲文鍵盤） to guide me."
     "Do you use Braille to read books？" asked Pablo.
     "Sometimes，" replied Grandpa. "Usually，I just do it to stay in practice though.Books in Braille can be very large and awkward（笨拙的） to use because spelling out words in Braille takes up more space than using the Roman alphabet（羅馬字母）.That's why a type of Braille called Grade 2 Braille is used in almost all books.In Grade 2 Brill，contractions（縮略詞） are often used to represent（代表） used words.For example，b stands for but，c stands for can，and d stands for do.Using contractions makes a Braille book easier to read and hold.
     "I prefer listening to audio recordings of books.There are some excellent readers.The range（范圍） of voices a single reader can do is quite impressive（令人印象深刻的）." Grandpa paused to adjust（調(diào)節(jié)） the volume（ 音量） on the computer's speakers.He looked surprised when Pablo grabbed him in a bear hug（擁抱）.
     "I'm glad you're here，Grandpa，" said Pablo."And I'm glad that you've adjusted（適應(yīng)） to the changes in your eyesight so well."
     "Losing my eyesight just made all my other senses sharper（尖銳的），"said Grandpa."It sounds like a cliche，but it's true." He smiled at his grandson. "I'm happy to be here，too，" he added. "I can never get enough time with my grandkids."
  
  （1）Why does Pablo make a face after he tries his grandpa's omelet？
  

  
  （2）How are the Braille contractions that Grandpa talks about different from the contractions you are familiar （常見的；熟悉的） with？
  

  
  （3）How can Grandpa type without seeing the keyboard？
  

  
  （4）Name two reasons that Grandpa prefers audio books to Braille books.
  

  
  （5）Number the events below（下面） to show the order in which they happened.
  _Grandpa explained Grade 2 Braille to Pablo.
  _Pablo hugged his grandpa.
  _Pablo sat down at the breakfast table.
  _Grandpa turned on the computer.
  
  組卷：8引用：1難度：0.9

  解析

二、單詞拼寫（共8小題，計8分） 根據(jù)句意和音標提示以適當形式填寫單詞。

• 6． It pains her to see so many children in that mountainous

  /'e?ri?/ cannot even afford elementary education.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

• 7． As he was

  /ta???/ the boat，he looked up at Allie and stopped breathing for just a second.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

五、短文填空（共1小題，計10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇適當?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使短文意思完整。每個選項僅使用一次。

• 21．

  A.treatment B.better C.spoke up D.next to E.expensive F.discovered G.replied H.jye.ai much I.talking about J.jye.ai conversation

  One cold rainy evening last October，I was going to interview an old lady in the hospital to gather information for my medical thesis（論文）.
     The old lady was lying on bed 4 B.I sat down on a chair（1）

  her bed，and in a low voice I introduced myself and asked how she was doing.She softly replied that she was getting （2）

  .When I told her that I wanted to gather some information from her，she agreed.
     After I finished the questionnaire，I prepared to leave so I could get more medical records.Before I could get up，the old lady（3）

  in her weak voice， "I haven't seen you before，Doctor.Are you new？"
     "Not really，ma'ma.It's just that I don't come here every day." I replied.She started（4）

  ，asking where I was from and why I was working so late in the evening.I was surprised someone in her condition would want to talk.
     "Doctor，do you think I can get back to my normal life？" the old lady asked at one point.
     I（5）

  that while I didn't know much about her case，I could tell her what I had learnt about the recovery of the patients of her kind.However，I was unwilling to go（6）

  detail as I was only a medical student.
     The old lady started（7）

  herself.She shared her difficulties and sufferings，talked about her husband，who was killed in a car accident，and her struggle to earn money.All I did was to nod my head as a way of showing my sympathy（同情）.
     A few days later，I（8）

  that the old lady had been allowed to go out of the hospital as her condition had improved though she would still need（9）

  .
     The old lady taught me one of the most important lessons a doctor can learn.Sometimes patients do not need （10）

  treatment.They just need someone with the patience and willingness to lend an ear to them and spend some time to be with them.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

六、書面表達（共1小題，計12分）

• 22．假定你是李華．某英文報"My Hometown"專欄面向中學生招募小記者，請你用英文給報社寫封自薦信．要點如下：
  1．熟悉家鄉(xiāng)；
  2．樂于交流；
  3．擅長英語．
  注意：1．詞數(shù)80-100；
  2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
  3．文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名及學校名稱；
  4．信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)．
  參考詞匯：journalist（n．記者）；column（n．專欄）
  Dear Sir/Madam，
  _____________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：84引用：5難度：0.3

  解析