2021-2022學年廣東省廣州市海珠區(qū)南武中學高二（上）開學英語試卷
發(fā)布：2025/1/6 21:0:3
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
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1．CHAMBORD CASTLE，LOIR-ET-CHER，F(xiàn)RANCE
A remarkable example of classical French architecture，Chambord Castle is the largest castle in the Loire Valley of France.Built in 1519 as a hunting lodge for the royal court，the building was rarely lived in.There are one hundred rooms （of 440）open-to the public and dozens of staircases，including one said to have been designed by Leonardo da Vinci.The surrounding 21-square-mile nature park entertains with hiking and-biking routes and boat rentals.
LEEDS CASTLE，KENT，UNITED KINGDOM
Situated on two islands in the middle of a lake，Leeds Castle provides a grand and romantic experience.It has served as a royal residence for most of its 900-year history.The 500-acre English castle now hosts year-round cultural events，with three restaurants，a bed-and-breakfast and a yew tree maze.
MOSZNA CASTLE，POLAND
Moszna Castle was originally designed in Baroque style in the 17th century，but the later addition of a neo-Gothic brought Hogwarts appeal to the castle，especially at night when its 99 towers and glowing windows twinkle in the outdoor reflecting pool.Nowadays，art exhibits and indoor concerts attract visitors to the 365-room castle.
BRAN CASTLE，BRASOV，ROMANIA
Bran Castle originally dates back to the year 1212 and is mistakenly believed to be the home in Bram Stoker's Dracula.The author never visited this fortress，commonly known as Dracula's Castle，but it still attracts literature fans to its weakly-lit hallways for night tours and an annual Halloween party.
（1）What can visitors-to Chambord Castle do？
A．Hunt in the nature park.
B．Go boating with friends.
C．Live in any of its rooms.
D．Admire da Vinci's paintings.
（2）Visitors interested in beautiful night-time views can go to.
A．CHAMBORD CASTLE
B．LEEDS CASTLE
C．MOSZNA CASTLE
D．BRAN CASTLE
（3）Which castle has the longest history？
A．CHAMBORD CASTLE.
B．LEEDS CASTLE.
C．MOSZNA CASTLE.
D．BRAN CASTLE.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
2．Tourists to the North Antrim Coast come for its breathtaking beauty On this stretch of coast，myth and history live side by side，and running out of things to do is near impossible.Giant's Causeway，Carrick-a-Rede，the Iron Isles' filming locations ...
However，when I make my way to the north of the-country in October，none of them are on my mind.What brings me to the coastal town of Portrush are the waves.
Located，on a peninsula，Portrush is home to three brilliant beaches and all the usual points of interest of a coastal town.But what makes the North Antrim Coast so special is the promise of the consistent waves hitting its shores.Although still relatively unknown，it's a surfer's dream destination.This is the home of six-time Irish national surfing champion，Andrew Hill，after all.
I meet Andrew at his surf shop，the most popular in Portrush.After hiring a surf board and jumping in the water at West Strand，I quickly realise that my trusted wetsuit is not enough.Within just 30 minutes，I've lost all feeling in my feet and hands，and my ears are burning.I retreat to a nearby café and gulp down steaming tea before popping by Andrew's shop again.Surf boots are what I need，we decide.I leave with a new determination to master the icy Atlantic waves.I'm invited to surf a different spot with Andrew and his friend that afternoon.jye.ai I decline his generous offer.My head is set on one thing only：taking revenge on the same waves that almost turned me into an ice block that very morning.
Even with boots，surfing the cold waters of Portrush leaves my feet purple.I become covered in bruises that don't register until I thaw out each night，and it takes a couple of days to fully regain feeling in my hands.But it's worth it，and I would gladly do it all over again.
（1）What does the underlined word "them" in paragraph 2 refer to？
A．The popular attractions.
B．Coastal towns.
C．The filming locations.
D．Passionate tourists.
（2）Why is the author attracted to the North Antrim Coast？
A．It has internationally famous beaches.
B．It's home to the usual seaside interests.
C．It produces excellent waves for surfing.
D．It's the hometown of a surfing champion.
（3）The author goes back to the surf shop to.
A．better equip himself for the challenge
B．consult with some experienced surfers
C．a(chǎn)ccompany the owner on a later surf trip
D．quickly warm himself up with some hot tea
（4）What is the tone of the passage？
A．Narrative and serious.
B．Persuasive and critical.
C．Descriptive and positive.
D．Informative and objective.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
3．When the Chinese spacecraft （航天器） Chang'e-5 returned to Earth on December 17，2020，it brought back something not seen on our planet since the 1970s：moon rock samples.This precious cargo，collected by Chang'e-5's robotic research vehicle in the northwest region of the lunar near side，is now being studied by scientists in Beijing.The success of the latest Chinese space mission also showcased technology that may be used in future years to create human settlements on Earth's near neighbour.
The returned lunar samples will "absolutely add new knowledge of the history of the moon，particularly its volcanoes，" says Xiao Long，a planetary scientist at China University of Geosciences.The rocks sent back by Chang'e-5 "will ask us to rethink about why and how the moon's volcanic history lasted this long，" he says.
The Chang'e-5 mission was more than just a trip to collect moon rocks.It was also the latest stage of a long，planned sequence of robotic lunar explorations by China that have grown ever more scientifically advanced.
The program began with the 2007 launch of Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 three years later.These craft circled the moon collecting data used to help guide Chang'e-3 and Chang'e-4，the first Chinese spacecraft to land on the moon surface，and to direct their robotic vehicles.The robot on Chang'e-5 was able to collect rock and soil samples and return them to Earth.In the near future，an identical spacecraft called Chang'e-6 will attempt a sample-return mission from the moon's south pole -an area of intense scientific interest-given the large amount of water ice present.
The more advanced Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 spacecraft are also planned to land near the south pole to carry out analysis of the region and test new technologies，including detecting and obtaining materials that could be useful to future human explorers，such as water and hydrogen，and testing 3-D printing on the lunar surface.
The long-term aim of the Chang's program is to establish an International Lunar Research Station around 2030 to support robotic and，eventually，crewed missions.
（1）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？
A．The moon's recent volcanic activities.
B．The significance of the moon rock samples.
C．New knowledge of the history of the moon.
D．Further studies of the returned lunar samples.
（2）What distinguishes the mission of Chang'e-6 from that of Chang'e-5？
A．The technology they use.
B．The time they spend on the moon.
C．The specific locations they explore.
D．The amount of material they bring back.
（3）Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 space missions are mainly intended to.
A．transport researchers to the moon station
B．build up an International Lunar Research Station
C．collect data necessary to guide moon-landing spacecraft
D．find and test resources and means to support living on the moon
（4）Which of the following best summarizes the Chang's space program？
A．A project to study the surface of the moon.
B．A plan to improve human settlements on the moon.
C．A set of experiments to test the possibility of manned spacecraft.
D．A series of increasingly challenging scientific lunar explorations.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
4．What makes people so special？Tool use，self-consciousness，language，and culture are high on the list，but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom.Humans and apes are close relatives，so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas （大猩猩） have a sense of fair play，even rejecting carrots （which they normally accept） when they see their neighbors getting grapes.But the qualities that we often think of as uniquely human exist not just on land，but in the ocean as well.
Among the invertebrates，octopuses （八爪魚） are known for their intelligence，even exhibiting evidence of playfulness，tool use，and personality.But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture.Dolphins，on the other hand，are large-brained，long-living，social- group-based predators，and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness.
Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others.Many animals have culture in this sense，but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on.Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor.This ability is handed down through generations （especially in females），with some families- grandmother，mother，and daughter - all feeding in this highly specialized way.
Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror.When facing a mirror，most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual.Even in humans，the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months.Dolphins not only recognize themselves，but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin，it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.
（1）The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they.
A．a(chǎn)re not easy to fool
B．prefer fruit to vegetables
C．have a special taste for food
D．have an awareness of equality
（2）What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins？
A．Social interaction.
B．Intelligence.
C．Tool using ability.
D．Fun-loving spirits.
（3）What makes dolphin culture special？
A．They tend to hunt in groups.
B．Their hunting skills are passed down.
C．Their learning environment is favourable.
D．Their families are typically female-controlled.
（4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A．Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.
B．Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human baby.
C．Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species.
D．Dolphins' ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill.組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5
第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題2. 5分， 滿分12. 5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
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5．Critical thinking is making an effort to improve the way you think.（1）
We use this process to solve problems，make arguments and evaluate claims.It's important in just about every area of life.
Most of our thinking is not critical thinking.We don't need to make many judgments to travel to work or cook dinner. （2）Critical thinking can save us from blindly making poor choices.So how can you improve your critical thinking skills？You need to practise.There are many ways of doing that.Here are a few：
?（3）Look at articles or books written by people on all sides of the issue.For each source，evaluate the argument：What claim is it making？What reasons does it give？Are the reasons logical？
?When you see or hear a claim，ask questions about it.Who is making the claim and why？What is the claimant's background and how does this motivate their opinion？
?Evaluate your own thinking.Where do you tend to not think critically？Why don't you？How can you improve？
?Question things you assume.What claims do you accept without knowing the reasons for them？ （4）Try to find out what others believe about that claim and why.
As you grow in critical thinking，you'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. （5）
A.Stick to your claim.
B.Read about a topic people disagree on.
C.When you think of one，do some research.
D.It's analyzing facts separately so you can make decisions.
E.And it may help you to succeed at work or school as well.
F.We'll only use it if we make a conscious effort to ask questions about what we see.
G.But when a problem comes our way，we need to think critically to decide how to solve it.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié)；滿分15分）第一節(jié)（共1小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
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6．A famous theorist once said， "I don't divide the world into the weak and the strong：or the successes and the failures...I divide the world into the learners and the non-learners."
What on earth would make someone a non-learner？Everyone is born with an intense（1）to learn.Babies rise to the learning challenge daily.Not just for（2）tasks，but the most difficult ones of a lifetime，like leaning to walk and talk.They never decide it's too hard or not worth the（3）.Babies don't worry about making mistakes or（4）themselves.They walk，they fall，they（5）.
What puts an end to this fearless learning？A fixed mindset.As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves，some of them become（6）of challenges.They worry about not being（7）.My research team have studied thousands of people from preschoolers on，and It's breathtaking how many（8）an opportunity to learn.
We offered four-year-olds a（9）：they could redo an easy jigsaw（拼圖）or try a harder one.Even at this young age，children with a fixed mindset stuck with the（10）one.They believe smart kids don't make（11）.
Children with a growth mindset，however，thought it was a（12）choice.Why would anyone want to keep doing the same puzzle（13）？They chose increasingly difficult-ones instead.
Believing that success is about learning，children with a growth mindset seized the chance.But those with a fixed mindset didn't want to expose their（14）.This is how a fixed mindset makes people into（15）.（1） A．fear B．drive C．competition D．concentration （2） A．crucial B．mental C．ordinary D．particular （3） A．a(chǎn)ttention B．effort C．interest D．time （4） A．confusing B．behaving C．punishing D．hurting （5） A．get up B．give up C．show up D．shut up （6） A．a(chǎn)fraid B．a(chǎn)shamed C．confident D．ignorant （7） A．a(chǎn)dorable B．curious C．modest D．smart （8） A．seize B．ruin C．reject D．require （9） A．lesson B．choice C．gift D．game （10） A．challenging B．interesting C．new D．simple （11） A．decisions B．jigsaws C．mistakes D．predictions （12） A．strange B．promising C．profitable D．difficult （13） A．repeatedly B．unwillingly C．a(chǎn)utomatically D．properly （14） A．secrets B．thoughts C．preferences D．weaknesses （15） A．theorists B．perfectionists C．non-learners D．risk-takers 組卷：45引用：4難度：0.3
第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
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7．The glass harp is one of the most extraordinary instruments in the world.It doesn't even appear to be（1）
instrument at first glance，and it isn't actually a harp at all.Instead，it's just a set of glasses on a table.The glasses are of different sizes and some are filled with water.
（2）（play） the glass harp，performers wet and rub their fingers along the tops of the glasses.Each glass will then produce a high（3）low sound，depending on its shape and how much water it （4）（contain）.Many people think the sound （5）（create） is delightful，like music you would hear in heaven.
It's a mystery who invented the glass harp.Some say it first appeared in China，while others say Persia.jye.ai it was in Europe （6）it become the most popular.By the 1700s，（7）（Europe） glass harp masters could play works by Mozart and Beethoven on the instruments.This love for glass harps didn't last long，however，as people lost interest （8）a while.
Glass harps haven't entirely disappeared，though you can still find some street（9）（music）playing them to entertain large crowds.If you're lucky enough to catch such a performance，sit back，relax，and enjoy the beautiful sounds of this（10）（usual） instrument.組卷：18引用：3難度：0.6
第四部分 語法單選題（每題1分，滿分25分）
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8．It's you，rather than he，that____ for the accident．（ ）
組卷：50引用：8難度：0.9 -
9．I wonder if the book is worth .Can you tell me？（ ?。?/h2>
組卷：7引用：1難度：0.9 -
10．Weather_________，they'll go to the park for a picnic．（ ?。?/h2>
組卷：21引用：2難度：0.9 -
11．The boy fell to the ground from the tree，his eyes __________ and his hands __________.（ ?。?/h2>
組卷：25引用：3難度：0.8
第四部分 語法單選題（每題1分，滿分25分）
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32．It is in the Beihai Park they first met they had a heart-to-heart talk.（ ?。?/h2>
組卷：14引用：1難度：0.6
第五部分 寫作（滿分15分）
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33．最近，你班同學就"是否應(yīng)該研發(fā)無人駕駛汽車"這一話題展開討論。請你根據(jù)下列信息，用英語寫篇短文總結(jié)討論的情況，并給出個人觀點。內(nèi)容包括：
注意：優(yōu)點 1.減少因為人為過失而造成的交通事故；
2.方便老年人和殘疾人等人士自助出行。缺點 1.耗時久；制造成本高
2.一般人難以負擔得起去購買
1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3.文章開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
參考詞匯：駕駛汽車driverless car
Recently，students in our class have had a discussion about whether we should develop driverless car.________組卷：3引用：1難度：0.6