2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省廣州四十一中高二（上）月考英語(yǔ)試卷（10月份）

I閱讀理解(50分)第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。(共4小題，每題2.5分，共37.5分)

• 1．The Adler Planetarium Chicago is home to more than 35，000 square feet of exhibits.From huge models of the Solar System，to ancient astronomical instruments，to interactive adventures，Adler's exhibit galleries provide a passageway for you to explore the universe.The Adler also offers mini science exploration activities that are quick 10-minute lessons.Visitors can learn some interesting astronomical facts at these small activity carts.
     The Adler Planetarium Chicago is the only museum in the world with two full-size planetarium theaters.Since 1930，the wonder of the stars has been visible in the historic Sky Theater.Powered by brand new Digistar 3 TM technology，the StarRider Theater is a completely digital，virtual（虛擬的）outer space environment.The famous Zeiss Planetarium projector is able to accurately reproduce the movement of every aspect of the night sky.
     Do's and Don'ts：
     Do Take the Bus/Train：leave the car at home for this museum trip.The Adler is located within close proximity to public transit.
     Don't Miss the Doane Observatory：when weather permits，the Doane is open at the Adler for observing with its 20-inch diameter telescope.
     Don't Miss Museum Special Events：the Adler offers a summer camp for kids from mid-June to August.
     Ticket Price：
     Adult：﹩ 28；child：﹩22.Book online now to save 37%.
     Regular Schedule：
     Mon.- Fri.10 am- -4 pm；
     Sat.- Sun.10 am-4：30 pm.
     Summer Hours：9：30 am- 6 pm daily.
     Nearest Transit ：Roosevelt Metro Station
     Address：1300 S Lake Shore Dr，Chicago，IL 60605
  
  （1）What's the main function of the Adler Planetarium Chicago？

  
  A．Displaying the models of the Solar System.
  B．Selling ancient astronomical instruments.
  C．Offering a passageway to explore the universe.
  D．Giving 10-minute lessons to visitors.
  （2）If you want to try the Doane Observatory，you'd better

  .
  A．drive your private car
  B．consider weather conditions
  C．buy a telescope in advance
  D．join the Adler's summer camp
  （3）How much will a couple and two kids at least spend to visit the Adler？

  
  A． ﹩37.
  B． ﹩63.
  C． ﹩72.
  D． ﹩100.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Mom was a good cook.Her homemade chili sauce was second to none，and the things she could do with a chicken …well，it makes my mouth water to think about it.And I once offered to make my sister Kathy's bed for a week if she would give me the last slice of toast made by Mom. No doubt about it，Mom was a great cook -most of the time.If a beef steak was placed in her frying pan，she turned into the anti-cook.She could turn that finest meat into a piece of hard protein with the smell of shoe leather.Of course，she really tried.
     One day，my brother Bud took me out for lunch in a popular restaurant and he ordered beef steaks.Since he was paying，I thought I should have at least one or two bites.But when the waitress served our steaks，I was surprised at how good they smelled.Suddenly I understood why others spoke of beef steaks lovingly.I wolfed down my steak.I was a born-again beef-eater.
     "You know，" I said to Bud， "I used to think Mom was a great cook.But it's hard to believe that her steaks came from the same animal as these steaks."
     "Mom is really a great cook，" Bud said. "Think about it.She grew up during the Great Depression.That's when she learned to cook.How often do you think they had steaks？It is only recently that they could afford to buy steaks.So it isn't that she isn't a good cook."
     It's that way with all of us，isn't it？Even our strengths have elements （成分） of weakness.That's why great athletes still train and great actors still practice.Greatness isn't something we are；it is something we become.And that process of becoming includes learning and growing through both success and failure.
  
  （1）What does the underlined sentence mean？

  
  A．The author's mom was a good cook.
  B．The author loved his family members.
  C．Mom loved Kathy more than the author.
  D．The toast made by Mom was the author's favorite.
  （2）How did that eating in the restaurant affect the author？

  
  A．He realized that beef was the best meat.
  B．He started to like home-made beef steaks.
  C．He would eat beef steaks only in that restaurant.
  D．He didn't think beef steaks terrible food anymore.
  （3）Why couldn't the author's mom cook beef steaks well？

  
  A．She couldn't afford good beef.
  B．She had little experience in cooking them.
  C．She seldom ate meat when she was young.
  D．She actually wasn't good at cooking meats at all.
  （4）What can we learn from the passage？

  
  A．One is never too old to learn.
  B．Failure is the mother of success.
  C．Greatness still needs learning and growing.
  D．Everyone has both strengths and weaknesses.
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．In the nearly two centuries since German physician Carl Wunderlich established 98.6℉ as the standard "normal" body temperature，it has been used by parents and doctors alike as the measure by which fevers and often the severity of illness have been assessed.
     In more recent years，however，lower body temperatures have been widely reported in healthy adults.A 2019 study showed that the normal body temperature in Americans is about 97.5℉.A multinational team led by Michael Gurven and Thomas Kraft have found a similar decrease among the Tsimane，a native population in the Bolivian Amazon.
     A key question，then，is why body temperatures have declined over time both for Americans and Tsimane.Extensive data available from the team's long-term research in Bolivia addresses some possibilities.
     Declines might be due to the rise of modern healthcare and lower rates of lingering mild infections now as compared to the past.But while health has generally improved over the past two decades，infections are still widespread in rural Bolivia.Therefore the results suggest that reduced infection alone can't explain the observed body temperature declines.
     It could be that people are in better condition，so their bodies might be working less to fight infection.Or greater access to antibiotics（抗生素） and other treatments means the duration of infection is shorter now than in the past.
     Another possibility is that our bodies don't have to work as hard to regulate（調(diào)節(jié)）internal temperature because of air conditioning in the summer and heating in the winter.While Tsimane body temperatures do change with time of year and weather patterns，the Tsimane still do not use any advanced technology for helping to regulate their body temperature.They do，however，have more access to clothes and blankets.
     The researchers were initially surprised to find no single "magic bullet" that could explain the decline in body temperature.It's likely a combination of factors—all pointing to improved conditions.
  
  （1）What role has 98.6℉ been playing？

  
  A．It can show an illness is incurable.
  B．It can help doctors determine a fever.
  C．It can arouse people's attention to health.
  D．It can indicate an abnormal body temperature.
  （2）Why rural Bolivia is mentioned in the text？

  
  A．To arouse readers' sympathy.
  B．To imply other existing factors.
  C．To call for improved medical access.
  D．To discuss methods to reduce infections.
  （3）What contributes to the decline in body temperature？

  
  A．The growing adaptability.
  B．The international policies.
  C．The improved conditions.
  D．The worsening environment.
  （4）What's the main idea of the passage？

  
  A．Modern life improves the general health.
  B．Living conditions greatly affect mankind.
  C．The normal body temperature is declining.
  D．Various factors influence the body temperature.
  組卷：2引用：5難度：0.6

  解析

• 4．The idea of low material desire，low consumption and refusing to work，marry and have children，concluded as a "lying down" lifestyle，recently struck a chord with many young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.
     Many millennials（千禧一代）and generation Zs （z世代，1995-2009年間出生的人）complained to the Global Times that burdens，including work stress，family disputes（紛爭(zhēng)） and financial strains，have pushed them "against the wall".They said they hate the "involution （內(nèi)卷），" joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.
     "Instead of always following the 'virtues' of struggle，endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses，they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis（宣泄）and adjustment，" said a scholar. "It is no wonder that some young people，under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the mortgage（按揭）today，would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind."
     Interestingly，the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times，who claim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy，acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest.It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions，some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard work.But in fact，lying down is not entirely comfortable.Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale（士氣）far beyond their reach.
     "Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future，but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges，" a postgraduate student told the Global Times. "It's no use running away.I have to 'stand up' and face the reality sooner or later."
  
  （1）What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean？

  
  A．Warned.
  B．Criticized.
  C．Touched.
  D．Amused.
  （2）What might have caused the "lying down" lifestyle among the young？

  
  A．Improvements in living conditions.
  B．Growing pressure from family and social life.
  C．Increasing material possessions from families.
  D．Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions.
  （3）What's the scholar's attitude toward the "lying down" group？

  
  A．Understanding.
  B．Intolerant.
  C．Supportive.
  D．Unclear.
  （4）What can be inferred about the young generation from the text？

  
  A．They never really drop their responsibilities.
  B．They really enjoy the "lying down" lifestyle.
  C．They find their dreams far beyond their reach.
  D．They would rather escape than take challenges.
  組卷：0引用：7難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題，每題2.5分，共12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

• 5．Whether you have experienced a breakup with someone you cared for deeply，whether death has taken a loved one，whether you have lost a job，learn how to move on and let go. （1）

  
     Let's take a look at what people often do in time of loss that actually makes the situation worse.These are some things to avoid.
     Don't spend too much time or energy mourning what has happened.Let a broken romance or friendship.（2）

  Even with death，there is a time to mourn，and there is a time to renew and to move on with your own life.
     Don't overreact to your loss and take any sudden action without careful reflection. （3）

  Seek support in the short term，and only make significant commitments after you have restored concentration and confidence.
     （4）

  Although you may feel the urge to avoid interacting with your friends and family，it is important in time of loss that you keep up social contacts.Try not to lose the friendships you have built，but if you do find yourself isolated from previous connections，focus all your energy on building new connections.
     Don't complain about what has happened，and don't listen to your friends' complaints.It is better to focus your thoughts on positive matters.（5）

  
  
  A.Don't spend a lot of time alone.
  B.Life can be joyful and rewarding again.
  C.Don't respond negatively to your family.
  D.Keep your attention on building a bright future.
  E.Let a lost job become an experience and no more.
  F.Bad emotions may be related to our physical health.
  G.Though lonely or frightened，don't take action based on those emotions.
  組卷：1引用：6難度：0.7

  解析

II語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（30分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共1小題，每題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從短文后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 6．It was a dark night.Thick，dark，gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to（1）

  me as I walked out of my porch（門(mén)廳）.Still，I kept the porch light off because I didn't want to be （2）

  by bugs and moths（飛蛾）on this sticky （3）

  evening.I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of （4）

  .
     It was then，though，that I saw them.First one blink of light at the far end of the（5）

  followed by another and then another.I （6）

  .I recognized them at once as my firefly（螢火蟲(chóng)）friends，my lightning bug buddies who always （7）

  this time of the year.
     When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them（8）

  fly around blinking on and off.I never （9）

  and put one in a jar as some kids did because I never wanted to hurt these messengers of light.Their time on this earth was so （10）

  as it was.I tried to enjoy them each night they were here.It always （11）

  me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart （12）

  when they reappeared the next summer.
     We are like them in a lot of ways.Our（13）

  here on earth is brief.Often our light of love is more like on and off blinks rather than a（14）

  shine.Still，we do our best to share it and take （15）

  in knowing that others will be shining their light long after we are gone.
  
  

  （1）	A．show	B．greet	C．please	D．promise
  （2）	A．frightened	B．a(chǎn)ccompanied	C．shined	D．troubled
  （3）	A．summer	B．winter	C．spring	D．fall
  （4）	A．heat	B．water	C．light	D．a(chǎn)ir
  （5）	A．porch	B．room	C．grassland	D．roof
  （6）	A．frowned	B．cried	C．smiled	D．sighed
  （7）	A．went out	B．gave out	C．settled down	D．showed up
  （8）	A．fearfully	B．cautiously	C．nervously	D．slowly
  （9）	A．saw	B．hit	C．caught	D．got
  （10）	A．hard	B．terrible	C．useful	D．brief
  （11）	A．depressed	B．surprised	C．confused	D．excited
  （12）	A．beat	B．sing	C．move	D．tremble
  （13）	A．hope	B．memory	C．mind	D．life
  （14）	A．beautiful	B．steady	C．bright	D．clear
  （15）	A．pride	B．comfort	C．a(chǎn)ction	D．interest
  組卷：17引用：4難度：0.6

  解析

第二節(jié)：語(yǔ)法填空（共1小題，每題1.5分，共15分）

• 7．Many years ago，when I worked as a volunteer at Stanford Hospital，I got to know a little girl named Liza who was suffering （1）

  a rare and serious disease.Her only chance of recovery appeared to be a blood transfusion（傳輸）from her five-year-old brother， （2）

  Who had amazingly survived the same disease and had developed the antibodies（抗體）（3）

  （need）to beat jye.ai.illness.The doctor explained the situation to her little brother，and asked the boy if he would be willing （4）

  （give）his blood to his sister.I saw him hesitate for only a moment before making a （5）

  （decide）and saying， "Yes，F(xiàn)il do it if it will save Liza. "
      As the transfusion progressed，he lay in a bed next to his sister and smiled， （6）

  （see）the color returning to her （7）

  （cheek）.Then his smile faded and his face （8）

  （grow）pale.He looked up at the doctor and asked in （9）

  frightened voice， "Will I start to die right away？ "Being young，the boy didn't understand the doctor （10）

  （correct）；he thought he was going to have to give her all his blood.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

Ⅲ寫(xiě)作（共50分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~拼寫(xiě)，每條橫線(xiàn)只填一個(gè)單詞（共10小題，每題1分，共10分）注意：請(qǐng)用選Book1Unit2-Unit4里的單詞填空

• 8．The mountain

  （延伸）3000 miles from Canada to Mexico.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)：完成句子（共6小題，每條橫線(xiàn)1分，共15分）注意：請(qǐng)用選Book1Unit2-Unit3里的短語(yǔ)填空

• 23．軍隊(duì)將從五月到八月占據(jù)著這座城市。
  The army

  the city from May to August.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

第三節(jié)：書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿(mǎn)分25分）

• 24．請(qǐng)以"Should senior middle school students help with housework？ "為題，寫(xiě)一篇文章。
  要求：
  1.寫(xiě)出正方、反方觀點(diǎn)和你自己的觀點(diǎn)。
  2.字?jǐn)?shù)最少120詞，開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)給出。
  Should senior middle school students help with housework？ Should senior middle school students help with housework？This is a question well worth discussing because there are as many supporters as opponents.________________
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析